Welding Handbook - American Welding Society - 10th Edition
Table of Contents
PART I — THE SCIENCE OF WELDING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
CHAPTER 1 – SURVEY OF JOINING, CUTTING, AND ALLIED PROCESSES
Introduction
Joining Processes
Resistance Welding
Cutting Processes
Thermal Spraying
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 2 – PHYSICS OF WELDING AND CUTTING
Introduction
Fusion and Solid-State Welding
Energy Sources for Welding
Arc Characteristics
Metal Transfer
Melting Rates
Physical Properties of Metals and Shielding Gases
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 3 – HEAT FLOW IN WELDING
Introduction
Fundamentals of Heat Flow
Quantitative Calculation of Heat Transfer in Fusion Welding
Conduction of Heat during Fusion Welding
Convective Heat Transfer in the Weld Pool
Relative Importance of Conduction and Convection
Heat Flow in Dissimilar Welding
Heat Flow in Solid-State Welding
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 4 – WELDING METALLURGY
Introduction
Physical Metallurgy
Metallurgy of Welding
Weldability of Some Commercial Alloys
The Brazed or Soldered Joint
Corrosion in Weldments
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 5 – DESIGN FOR WELDING
Introduction
Connection Design
Basics of Welded Connections
Principles of Connection Design
Economics of Welding
Quality and Connection Design Detailing
Detailing of Welds
Sizing of Steel Welds
Special Conditions
Other Alloys
Examples
Conclusion
Bibliography
PART II — DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
CHAPTER 6 – SYMBOLS FOR JOINING AND INSPECTION
Introduction
Fundamentals
Weld Symbols
Welding Symbols
Welding Symbols for Specific Weld Types
Brazing Symbols
Soldering Symbols
Nondestructive Examination Symbols
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 7 – RESIDUAL STRESS AND DISTORTION
Introduction
Fundamentals
Nature and Causes of Residual Stress
Effects of Residual Stress
Measurement of Residual Stress in Weldments
Residual Stress Distribution Patterns in Typical Welds
Effects of Welding Sequence on Residual Stress
Residual Stress and Distortion in Welds Made with Different Welding Processes
Computational Weld Modeling
Weld Distortion
Reducing or Controlling Residual Stress and Distortion
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 8 – ECONOMICS OF WELDING AND CUTTING
Introduction
The Cost Estimate
Economics of Welding
Automated and Robotic Systems
Economics of Resistance Spot Welding
Capital Investment in Welding Automation and Robotics
Control of Welding Costs
Economics of Brazing and Soldering
Economics of Thermal Cutting
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
PART III — AUTOMATION OF JOINING PROCESSES
CHAPTER 9 – MECHANIZED, AUTOMATED, AND ROBOTIC WELDING
Introduction
Mechanized Welding and Cutting
Automated Welding
Robotic Welding
Planning for Automated and Robotic Welding
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 10 – WELDMENT TOOLING AND POSITIONING
Introduction
Fixtures
Positioners
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 11 – MONITORING AND CONTROL OF WELDING AND JOINING PROCESSES
Introduction
Principles of Monitoring and Control
Sensing Devices
Process Instrumentation
Process Monitoring Systems
Process Control Systems
Monitoring and Control Systems
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
PART IV — QUALITY, TESTING STANDARDS, AND METHODS
CHAPTER 12 – WELD QUALITY
Introduction
Defining Weld Quality
Overview of Weld Discontinuities
Discontinuities Associated with Fusion Welding
Discontinuities Associated with Resistance Welding
Discontinuities Associated with the Solid-State Welding Processes
Discontinuities in Brazed and Soldered Joints
Significance of Weld Discontinuities
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 13 – TEST METHODS FOR EVALUATING WELDED JOINTS
Introduction
Testing for Strength
Hardness Testing
Bend Testing
Fracture Toughness Testing
Fatigue Testing
Corrosion Testing
Creep and Rupture Testing
Testing of Thermal Spray Applications
Weldability Testing
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 14 – WELDING INSPECTION AND NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION
Introduction
Personnel Qualifications
The Inspection Plan
Nondestructive Examination
Metallographic Examination Methods
Inspection of Brazed and Soldered Joints
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 15 – PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION
Introduction
Welding and Brazing Procedure Specifications
Qualification of Welding and Brazing Procedures
Performance Qualification
Standardization of Qualification Requirements
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
CHAPTER 16 – CODES AND OTHER STANDARDS
Introduction
Types of Regulatory Documents
Standards-Developing Organizations and Welding-Related Publications
Guidelines for Participating in International Standards Activities
Conclusion
Supplementary Reading List
PART V — SAFETY AND HEALTH
CHAPTER 17 – SAFE PRACTICES
Introduction
Safety Management
Protection of the Work Area
Personal Protective Equipment
Protection against Fumes and Gases
Safe Handling of Compressed Gases
Protection against Electromagnetic Radiation
Electrical Safety
Fire Prevention and Protection
Explosion Prevention
Process-Specific Safety Considerations
Safety in Robotic Operations
Conclusion
Bibliography
Supplementary Reading List
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